Cop and cop-winding apparatus



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' S. W. WARDWELLJL GOP AND GOP WINDING APPARATUS.

No. 576,356. Patented Feb. 2, 1897.

(Specimens.) 2 sheets-sheet 2. A

S. W. WARDWELL, Jr. 00? AND cor WINDING APPARATUS.

No. 576,356. Patented Feb. 2, 1897.

. or so that the thread shall not NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SIMON IV. IVARDVVELL, JR, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

COP AND COP-WINDING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 576,356, dated February 2, 1897. Application filed Decem r 8,1894. Serialllo. 531,241. (Specimena) To [LZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, SIMON W. WARDWELL, J12, a citizen of the United States, residing at Boston, in the county of Sufiolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cops and Oop- W'inding Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has for its main object a cop consisting of what for convenience I term a thread composed of two or more strands or doubled and to produce a cop of such character that the composite thread when unwound therefrom shall be absolutely uniform throughout its entire length to secure a uniform twist and a uniform product in twisting, and to this end I lay the strands and the thread composed thereof by the means set forth hereinafter and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is an elevation of sufficient'of an improved machine for winding the improved cop to illustrate the manufacture thereof; Fig. 2, a detached view illustrating means for varying the relative movements of the guide and spindle. Fig. 3 is a transverse section, enlarged, of part of the doubling and tension device. Fig. 4 is a part section on the line 3, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic View illustrating the mode of laying the coils of thread and the shape of the guide-eye. Figs. 6, 7, and 8 are diagrams illustrating spool-winds of multiwound thread.

I11 order to secure the manufacture of a perfect composite thread from a number of single threads wound off together or doubled, it is essential that in winding the thread onto a bobbin each layer of the wind should extend from one flange of the other to the bobbin and conform to a perfect cylinder throughout, as illustrated in Diagram 8. In practice, however, this will never result and such perfect winding is never attained. This is because the chief difficulty incident to winding many-ply yarns or threads in the ordinary manner upon an ordinary bobbin is the practical impossibility of making uniformly the turn or return bend adjacent to the flange of the bobbin so that there shall be no space for the thread of the following layer to bend in one end, and the result is that one or more build up at.

of the yarns of such layer will fall into the space left at one end or the other of the bobbin and sometimes at both ends. Therefore in practical operation the result is that the thread builds up at one or both ends or in the center, as is indicated in the Diagrams 6 and 7. In Diagram 7 the threads are shown as accumulated near one flange and sunken near the other, and in Diagram 6 they are sunken near both ends, and it will be evident that the threads are not only pinchedin near the mass and the head, so as to alter the tension in delivery and vary the uniformity of the composite thread in spinning or winding, but, further, as some of the strands of this composite thread fall below the general level while others do not some of the said strands will be shorter than others in the composite threads and will remain practically straight, while the other threads will be wound about them.

I have discovered that multiple threads,that is, threads consisting each of a series of two or more strands, may be wound parallel to each other and without overlying throughout the entire mass of a cop of the character illustrated in my Letters Patent No. 486,745, and that this can be done by laying the said threads on a revolving holder by a reciprocating guide having an eye of such a shape as will allow the strands to lie side by side, and

that thus a cop or bobbin may be built up of any desired number of threads, (I have laid in this way as many as twenty), all of the threads being parallel to each other throughout the entire mass of the cop without any overlying or twisting and all of precisely the same length. Thus, as shown in Fig. 5, the guide (1 has an eye it, which instead of being V-shaped, as usual, which would throw the threads to the center one above the other, is curved at the bottom to permit the threads or strands, whether they are two or twenty, to lie side by side.

In Winding my improved cop the operations of the guide and holder are substantially as in said Letters Patent, that is, each series of strands constituting the thread is laid upon the core and in the cop in a spiral of such a pitch that the threads will remain in the position in which they are placed with out slipping and piling upon each other. In orthread will be weaker at one point than at dinary winding-machines, where the threads are laid spirally, the spirals are so open, that is, the angle or pitch is such that until the cop attains a certain size the thread slips as the guide passes back from either end and an irregular cop is formed. Where there are several threads the effect would be to collect them together and pile one upon the other. In my improved mode of winding also the threads are delivered directly without there being any material space between the eye and the surface of the cop. If the eye were away from the cop, the threads would play laterally and pile one upon the other. Further, in myimprovement the threads are bent back at the ends of the cop in such manner as to preserve the parallelism of all the threads at the bends, which has never been done before. Thus the cop of multiple strands is regularly built up without any one of the strands piling upon or crossing the other strands of the thread, although the composite or multiple thread of the entire mass is laid in the same manner as the single thread before describedthat is, the thread is laid in successive concentric layers and each layer consists of series of reverse coils, each coil laid from end to end of the cop and being bent or turned back at each end of the cop to start the reverse coil, and the strands of the thread throughout the coils and at the bends are always parallel and never overlaid or twisted.

The strands from the different bobbins J, Fig. 1, should be fed evenly or uniformly toward the guide 0, and this result I secure by passing all of the strands over a roller 70, mounted in supports carried by a frame I, so as to turn freely, and covered with felt, cloth, or other like substance, to which the threads will adhere to such an extent that they cannot slip freely thereon.

In winding it is important that the strands travel at the same rate of speed and that one shall notpass faster than the other to secure a uniform delivery. It is also very important that if one strand break the winding should cease, or otherwise the composite cord or another. I therefore provide means for operating a stop device whereby in the case of the breakage of any strand the winding device will be thrown out of action. Various appliances may be used for this purpose, but I prefer those shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4, in which E illustrates the operating handle upon the stop-shaft 21, provided with the shoulder 10, engaging the shoulder 12 on a pivoted arm E. As shown, the arm 9 of the lever E is pivoted to a lever 13, pivoted at w to the side of the frame and carrying at the outer end an armature 14 of an electromagnet F, which is in a circuit including a battery G, and two plates on n, Figs. 3 and 4, separated from each other. An insulated spring 19 is arranged to make contact with an arm q 011 the lever E when the lever is in the position shown in Fig. 2 and the parts are in running order and position. Each thread passes from the roller to a smaller guide-roller r, and thence down to a guide-roller s, and thence up to the roller 25, and between the rollers 70 and '7. Each thread passes through the eye of a pin it, which slides freely in an opening in a cross-bar c, of wood or other insulating material, and to which the plates m and n are connected. A spring 16, coiled around each rod a, bears upon a cross-pin 17, extending through the rod and into an L-shaped slot 2' in the plate m, and there is a wire connection between the plate at and each of the pins 10.

Then the parts are in operative position and the threads are being wound, each thread holds each rod to in its elevated position, (shown in Fig. 4,) but if any one thread breaks its rod u will descend and make contact with the plate a, completing the circuit through the electromagnet F, exciting the latter, drawin g down the armature-lever 13, disengaging the shoulders 10 and 12, when the shaft 21 will turn and stop the machine. hen the shaft thus turns, the contact between the arm (1 and the spring 19 is broken, so as to break the electric circuit as soon as the stop-motion device has acted and prevent the battery from being exhausted.

As shown, the device above described is adapted for winding six threads. If a greater number are to be wound,there will be a greater number of rods to. If a less number is wound, it is necessary to throw one or more of the rods out of action, and this can readily be done by lifting the rod and then turning it so as to bring the pin 17 into the horizontal end of the slot 2', when it will be held up out of contact with the plate a.

Vith the rotating cop-spindle and reciprocating guide are combined means for securin g an increment of movement to form the cop. The said means may be anyof those described in Letters Patent to me, Nos. 480,157 or 506,059, or, as indicated in Fig. 2, they may consist of an expansion-pulley A upon the shaft a, a pulleyB upon a shaft g, from which is driven the cam w, that reciprocates the guide 0. As shown, a gear 0 on the camshaft (Z engages a pinion 6 upon the shaft g, which is carried by a frame swinging freely upon the shaft d, a belt f passing around the pulleys A B. The parts are so proportioned that the shaft or will rotate any desired number of times to each reciprocation of the guide, and by expanding or contracting the pulley A the desired increment of movement may be obtained. I have not shown any particular construction of expansion-pulley, as such pulleys are well known in the art and any of the well-known pulleys may be employed. I do not more in detail describe these parts, as the operation will be fully understood and as their construction does not constitute a part of this application, but is claimed in another application, Serial No. 531,242.

By the means described I am enabled to secure a uniform delivery of all the strands and to arrest the motion of the machine the instant any one strand breaks.

While I have shown one means whereby the breaking of a thread of a series simultaneously operated on completes a circuit that controls the stop device, I do not limit myself to this construction, as various different arrangements of switches or circuit-breakers or circuit-makers controlled by the thread may be employed, it being simply necessary that the strands when taut shall support one part of the switch in position.

lVithout limiting myself to the precise construction and arrangement of parts shown and described, I claim as my invention- 1. A multiwound cop consisting of a thread composed of a series of strands, the thread in spirals at a pitch which insures their retention in the position in which they are laid, each spiral bent back at the end forming a reverse spiral, the spirals parallel to adjacent spirals and the bends succeeding each other at the periphery, and the strands in each spiral, and in the bends thereof, all parallel to each other, substantially as described.

2. A multiwound cop in which the thread composed of two or more strands is in 0011- centric layers each consisting of a series of reverse coils, the thread of each coil bent back at the ends of the cop and the strands of the thread being at all points parallel to each other, substantially as described.

3. The combination with the rollers k and r, of electric switches, each having a movable part it, with an eye to receive one of the strands of a series of threads, and means for securing the said parts independently in position out of contact with the other part of the switch, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my 0 name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

SIMON W. WARD WELL, JR. Witnesses:

G. N. CRANDALL, PHILIP E. BRADY. 

